DAISY

For each activity, select how much AI support was used. You can also add bracketed text to describe what the AI did and where (e.g., “suggested outlines for 2.1, 2.2 and 5.1 sections”).

Ideation and brainstorming

Examples: ideas for studies; thinking through study design or analysis choices; framings.

None Low (initial suggestions) Medium (research direction or framing) High (major conceptual or drafting contribution)

Coding assistance

Examples: debugging, analysis code, data cleaning

None Low (troubleshooting) Medium (adapted existing code) High (heavily relied on scripts)

Analytical support

Examples: thematic or statistical analysis, suggestions for data visualisations

None Low (limited) Medium (partial assistance) High (substantial analytical assistance)

Writing and drafting

Examples: drafting text; restructuring content; producing first‑pass text.

None Low (few sentences) Medium (paragraphs or sections) High (most of manuscript)

Figures and tables

Examples: generating or revising figures or tables; transforming text or data into visual summaries.

None Low (minor suggestions) Medium (drafts or substantial revisions) High (most figures or tables )

Language editing and proofreading

Examples: paraphrased sentences, improved grammar, condensed text

None Low (few sentences) Medium (paragraphs or sections) High (most of manuscript)

Tools used (names & versions)

Input data shared with tools (if any)? Safeguards taken?

Human validation steps? Authorship boundaries?

DAISY: AI Disclosure Form for Academic Manuscripts